Pappaseng: International Journal of Islamic Literacy and Society

Sufism and Maqamat

2026-01-30T07:30:00+07:00

This paper aims to deeply examine the concept of maqāmāt (spiritual stages) and various forms of Sufism such as ethical (akhlāqī), gnostic (‘irfānī), and philosophical (falsafī) Sufism within the Islamic tradition. Employing a qualitative-descriptive method based on library research, this study explores the historical roots, doctrinal development, and both internal and external factors that influenced the emergence of Sufism. Findings indicate that although there are influences from outside Islam, the essence of Sufism grows from core Islamic teachings—namely the Qur’an, Hadith, and the example of the Prophet Muhammad. The spiritual journey in Sufism is structured through maqāmāt such as repentance (tawbah), piety (wara’), asceticism (zuhd), patience (ṣabr), trust (tawakkul), acceptance (riḍā), love (maḥabbah), and divine knowledge (ma‘rifah). Moreover, the development of Sufism is influenced by the socio-political conditions of the Muslim community, such as responses to profane lifestyles, the rationalistic codification of Islamic law, and the quest for deeper spirituality. This study concludes that Sufism is not merely an individual mystical expression but also a social and spiritual response to the dynamics of the ummah. Sufism plays a significant role in shaping personal and communal piety through ethical and contemplative approaches.

The Concept of Ecotheology in the Qur'an

2026-01-30T07:37:16+07:00

This study reveals that QS. Yūsuf [12]:43-49, which has been understood as a historical narrative, contains ecological concepts that are highly relevant to the current global environmental crisis. In the story of the king's dream, interpreted by the Prophet Yusuf, about seven years of abundance followed by seven years of famine, there is a lesson about the importance of sustainability strategies in managing natural resources. This study uses a ma'nā-cum-maghzā approach to interpret the historical meaning of the verse with contemporary issues such as sustainability and climate change. The results of the study show that this verse offers practical solutions in facing the ecological crisis, with an emphasis on the importance of balance between the utilisation and preservation of nature. This study enriches the discourse on Islamic ecotheology, which was previously limited to normative understanding, by providing a more in-depth and applicable interpretation. Its practical contribution is to encourage Muslims to adopt ecological principles in their daily lives and public policies that support sustainability. Further research could explore the application of ecological concepts in global policies, particularly those related to climate change mitigation and sustainability.

Expressions of Mental Disorder in the Qur'an

2025-07-13T14:14:40+07:00

This study is based on the reality that mental disorders continue to be misunderstood in society, despite their serious impacts on an individual's psychological and physical health. This study aims to examine QS. Yūsuf [12]:13 and 84 within the conceptual framework of mental disorders, focusing on the emotional story of Prophet Ya’qub that depicts deep sadness and worry, which affected his physical condition. The method used is the Ma’nā-cum-Maghzā hermeneutical approach to explore the meanings of key terms in the verses and their relevance to modern psychological phenomena. The results of the analysis indicate that terms such as ḥuzn, khawf, asafā, and kaẓīm not only contain spiritual meanings but also imply psychosomatic symptoms consistent with the concept of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. This study contributes theoretically to the development of multidisciplinary thematic exegesis and has practical implications for the development of therapy based on Qur’anic values. These findings highlight the need for integration between exegetical approaches, psychology, and Islamic spirituality in addressing the psychological challenges faced by the Muslim community in the modern era.